To pursue a career in occupational therapy, individuals must complete both an undergraduate and graduate degree, along with passing the necessary licensure exams. Typically, the educational journey involves around six to seven years of study: four years for the undergraduate degree and an additional two to three years for the graduate degree (for full-time students). This comprehensive education equips aspiring occupational therapists with the knowledge and skills needed to excel in their profession.
Career Fast Facts
Types of OT Degrees
As you start your occupational therapy school search, there are a number of degree programs to consider. Find the program that makes the most sense for you in the list below:
Education and Training
A master’s degree is the minimum standard for becoming a practicing occupational therapist, and admission to occupational therapy degree programs is competitive. The average master’s degree program takes a student two and a half years to complete.
The first year and a half is usually devoted to completing required coursework in a classroom setting. In the last year, students gain experience in a clinical setting.
To get into the accredited occupational therapy school of your choice, focus on earning a high overall grade point average in your undergraduate work (above a 3.3 GPA) and volunteer or work as an occupational therapy aide. Some schools require up to 150 hours of clinical experience prior to admission.
Many master’s tracks will require academic coursework and one or two quarters of full-time clinical fieldwork.
In occupational therapy school, you’ll study:
You’ll also be required to do six months of supervised fieldwork in clinics or community organizations in order to gain hands-on experience before completing their program. In addition to this intensive fieldwork, which will give you hands-on experience in the types of places you’ll eventually work, you may also need to complete a master’s project or similar Capstone learning experience. You’ll need letters of recommendation from occupational therapists or science teachers. In addition, most schools require a satisfactory score on the Graduate Record Examination (GRE).
Occupational Therapy School Accreditation
The American Occupational Therapy Association (AOTA) is the accrediting agency for occupational therapy schools and programs. With their stamp of approval, students can be assured their coursework is in line with the AOTA’s standards.
Licensing and Certification
Certification is voluntary, but shows you to be serious about your field. Occupational therapists must pass the National Board for Certification of Occupational Therapists (NBCOT) exam in order to become certified. The board’s mission is to “provide a world-class standard” for the field.
NBCOT certification allows therapists to use the title of Occupational Therapist Registered (OTR). You’ll also take continuing education classes to maintain your certification over time.
All states require occupational therapists to become licensed. To earn your license, you’ll need a degree from an accredited program and your NBCOT certification. Check the state you plan to work in for additional fees and requirements.
How About OT Assistant Careers? Can I Start There?
Occupational therapy assistants play a vital role in helping patients heal. Working under the supervision of an occupational therapist will also provide you with experience to determine if you want to advance your career.
In an occupational therapy assistant career, you will see patients with a wide variety of challenges. Some patients need help with daily tasks such as getting dressed or cooking, while others need assistance improving less tangible skills such as decision-making and memory.
As an occupational therapy assistant, you can put your skills and knowledge to use in other industries. For instance, you may work with architects and contractors on how to improve building design and accessibility; or, you could consult with companies on ergonomic concerns for product construction. Related careers you may explore include physical and recreational therapy.
Education and Training
To qualify for a position as an occupational therapy assistant, students complete two years of study, including the following courses:
You’ll also complete supervised fieldwork in clinics or community organizations to gain hands-on experience before completing your program.
In addition to your classes, you’ll have to successfully complete six months of fieldwork.
Licensing and Certification
In most states, occupational therapy assistants need to pass national certification exams before they can practice.
Although certification is voluntary, becoming certified as an occupational therapist shows a dedication and commitment to your work and will be attractive to potential employers. Passing the National Board for Certification of Occupational Therapists (NBCOT) exam will earn you the title of Occupational Therapist Registered (OTR). Licensing is required for therapists in all states; check with the state in which you plan to work.
OT Employment Stats
An occupational therapy job will provide you with the opportunity to work in a number of different environments.
The chart below, using data from the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Occupational Employment Statistics, shows the highest level of employment in environments where occupational therapists and assistants generally work:
Hospitals
Physical Therapy and Occupational Therapy Offices
Schools
Home Healthcare
Median Annual Occupational Therapy Salary
Take a look at median annual salaries by state for occupational therapists as reported by the U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics, 2022.